What types of compressors are used in refrigeration?

Several types of compressors are used in refrigeration, depending on the application and required power:

Compressor types:

• Reciprocating compressor: The most traditional. Pistons driven by a crankshaft. Power: 1 to 100 HP. Used in small and medium installations. Moderate cost, easy maintenance. Efficiency: good at full load, less efficient at partial load
• Scroll compressor: Two interleaved spirals — one fixed, one orbiting. Very reliable, few moving parts. Power: 1 to 30 HP. Excellent for air conditioning and commercial refrigeration. Quieter than reciprocating. Available in variable capacity (inverter) version
• Screw compressor: Two helical rotors. Power: 20 to 500+ HP. For large industrial installations (cold storage warehouses, factories, ice rinks). Very reliable, high efficiency at partial load. High cost
• Centrifugal compressor: High-speed turbine. Power: 100 to 2,000+ HP. For very large refrigeration and building air conditioning. Excellent efficiency at full load. Often uses ammonia (NH₃) as refrigerant

Choice: For commercial refrigeration (restaurants, convenience stores), scroll is recommended for its reliability. For industrial use, screw compressor offers the best long-term efficiency.