What types of refrigerants are used in HVAC in Quebec?

Refrigerants used in HVAC in Quebec are regulated by the Montreal Protocol and Canadian refrigerant regulations:

Common refrigerants:

• R-410A (Puron): The most common since the R-22 ban. High operating pressure (350-450 PSI). Used in modern air conditioners and heat pumps. Global Warming Potential (GWP): 2,088
• R-32: New generation, lower GWP (675), more efficient. Growing in popularity in Canada. Expected to replace R-410A by 2025-2030
• R-454B: R-410A alternative, GWP of 466. Compatible with existing equipment
• R-22 (Freon): Banned in new equipment since 2020. Still used in maintenance (recovery and recycling). GWP: 1,810

Important rules:

• Only certified technicians may handle refrigerants
• Refrigerant recovery is mandatory — release into the atmosphere is prohibited
• Fines for illegal release can reach $50,000